Cambodian experts, whose country has the dubious distinction of being one of the world’s most contaminated by landmines, walked a group of Ukrainian soldiers through a minefield being actively cleared recently, hoping their decades of experience would help the Europeans in their own efforts to remove Russian mines at home.
Wearing protective body armor, helmets and visors, the group of 15 Ukrainians were guided along cleared routes through the former battlefield in northwestern Battambang province by trainers with the Cambodian Mine Action Center, a government agency that oversees the clearing of land mines and unexploded ordnance in the country.
Captain Arsenii Diadchenko, who led the Ukrainian team, said the training so far has been “quick and fast” but that they were learning good lessons.
“It will be very helpful in clearing our area of Russian mines,” he told reporters on the sidelines of the exercise.
Cambodia is still littered with mines after three decades of war and internal conflicts that ended in 1998, with an estimated 4 to 6 million unexploded devices still uncleared. The NGO Landmine Monitor in its 2022 report listed both Cambodia and Ukraine among the nine countries with “massive” mine contamination, meaning they had more than 100 square kilometers (38.6 square miles) of uncleared fields.
In Cambodia’s case there were more than 715 square kilometers (276 square miles) of uncleared fields, while the NGO has been unable to reliably verify the extent of the contamination in Ukraine.
Russia, following its invasion of Ukraine, and Myanmar are the only two states with documented new use of landmines in 2022, according to Landmine Monitor, while non-state armed groups have also been confirmed to be using them in at least five countries.
While Ukraine is new to demining, the problem has beset Cambodia for so long that it transcends generations.
Since the end of the fighting, some 20,000 people have been killed in Cambodia by mines and unexploded munitions, and about another 45,000 injured. Thanks to the demining and educational efforts, however, the average annual death toll has dropped from several thousand to less than 100.
Cambodian deminers are among the world’s most experienced, and several thousand have been sent in the past decade under U.N. auspices to work in Africa and the Middle East.
Cambodian trainer Voeun Chhorvy, 23, has only been clearing minefields for a year, but learned her skills from her father, who was also a deminer.
The CMAC expert told reporters said she was “proud that I can show what I have learned” to the Ukrainians.
“I’m happy that I could share my experience with them,” she said.
Japan’s Sato Motoyuki, a professor at Tohoku University who has been working on innovations with ground-penetrating radar, was also on hand to coach the Ukrainians on using the Advanced Landmine Imaging System he developed in his lab.
The hand-held device consists of a metal detector with an integrated ground-penetrating radar that can help deminers detect and identify buried mines.
He said the soil conditions in Ukraine and Cambodia are very different, but that he has not yet been able to organize travel to Ukraine to train deminers there, and that he hoped the Ukrainians would learn enough in Cambodia to be able to use the devices effectively at home.
“After they learn the very basic operation of ALIS, I think they also can think about how they can apply it in a Ukraine minefield,” he said.
The Ukrainian team arrived in Cambodia on in January and have been receiving training all week from the Cambodian deminers in a program supported by the Japan International Cooperation Agency.
Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen pledged in a telephone conversation with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in November to send Cambodian demining experts to help train their Ukrainian counterparts.
Hun Sen has said the Cambodian deminers will be sent to Poland, a staging ground for much assistance to Ukraine, but the number of deminers to be sent and their destination have not been finalized.
The offer came after Hun Sen, in an unusual move for a nation that usually aligns itself with Russia and China, condemned Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine, saying “Cambodia is always against any country that invades another country.”
Cambodia was one of nearly 100 U.N. member countries that co-sponsored a resolution condemning Russia’s invasion.
Several other countries, including the United States and Germany, have already provided Ukraine with demining assistance.
After their training in Battambang province, the Ukrainian team is to travel to Siem Reap province, home to Cambodia’s famous Angkor temples, and tour a museum dedicated to land mines and unexploded ordnance before they return home.
